To solve the problem of throughput degradation caused by slot scheduling delay and channel gain variation in Device to Device (D2D) communication resource allocation, a Fairness Time Division Scheduling (FTDS) algorithm was proposed. Firstly, the system model was established based on the spectrum reuse mode, and was transformed to a combinatorial optimization problem. Then, in the sub-optimal solution of the model, the scheduling period was divided into several equal-length slots by the FTDS algorithm, and the D2D users were assigned to different time divisions according to the priority policy, for the application scenario that D2D users are more than cellular users. Meanwhile, to balance Quality of Service (QoS) and system throughput, a satisfaction weight was constructed to restrict transmission rate, jointly determined the user scheduling priority. In the simulation, compared with TDS and RANDOM algorithm, the average throughput increase of FTDS algorithm was 11.09% and 40.64% respectively, and cumulative distribution of D2D scheduling frequency was more centralized by FTDS algorithm; meanwhile, the time delay of FTDS algorithm decreased as much as 31.22% compared with TDS.The simulation results show that FTDS algorithm has better throughput performance, more fair scheduling mechanism and smaller scheduling time delay.